science activities

focus 1 - climate forcings and modeling

This Focus fosters activities that aim to produce improved, extended, and consistent time series of climate forcing parameters, both natural and human-made, including solar insolation and irradiance intensity (or luminosity), volcanic activity, land cover, sea ice, greenhouse gas and aerosol concentrations.

Driving Questions:
- What is the history of the main climate forcing factors?
- What is the sensitivity of the climate system to these forcings?
- What are the causes of natural greenhouse gas and aerosol variations?
- In what precise sequence have changes in forcings, surface climate, and ecological systems occurred?


Focus Leaders: Bette Otto-Bliesner and Jérôme Chappellaz


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